Artificial Intelligence is rapidly becoming a defining factor in global competition, with China calling for greater international cooperation instead of allowing a few countries to dominate the technology. Speaking at the opening of the World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC) in Shanghai on July 17, Chinese President Xi Jinping said AI development should be “a symphony of global cooperation” rather than the effort of a single nation.
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His remarks reflected not only China’s vision for AI but also its broader geopolitical strategy. The conference highlighted the growing rivalry between China and the United States over technology, standards and global influence.
Pakistan has become one of the 29 founding members of the newly launched World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organisation (Waico), a China-led intergovernmental initiative officially established on July 16. Despite its significance, the development received limited attention in Pakistan.
Waico aims to expand AI cooperation
Waico seeks to promote international cooperation in AI research, regulation and innovation. It also aims to help developing countries gain access to AI technologies, computing resources and technical expertise.
The organisation includes several Global South countries, such as Pakistan, Brazil, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Africa, Senegal and Russia. China says the platform will encourage safe AI development while supporting countries with limited technological resources.
Why it matters for Pakistan
Pakistan continues to face challenges in AI adoption because of limited computing infrastructure, financial constraints and a shortage of skilled professionals. Consequently, partnerships under Waico could support research, workforce training and technology development.
China also announced 5,000 AI training opportunities for developing countries. In addition, it plans to establish regional AI cooperation centres and expand access to Chinese AI models and applications.
These initiatives could help Pakistan strengthen its digital economy and reduce dependence on foreign technologies.
AI rivalry reshapes global technology
Meanwhile, the AI race between China and the United States continues to intensify. Washington has restricted China’s access to advanced semiconductor technology, while Beijing has responded with export controls on critical minerals and expanded its international technology partnerships.
China has also invested heavily in data centres, computing infrastructure and electricity generation to support AI development. As a result, it is positioning itself as an alternative leader in global AI governance.
Pakistan’s policy goals
Pakistan’s National Artificial Intelligence Policy 2025 supports many of the same priorities promoted through Waico, including AI infrastructure, investment and workforce development. Likewise, the AI Seekho programme aims to train one million people in AI-related skills.
However, experts say Pakistan must move beyond policy announcements. The country needs practical cooperation in research, technology transfer, infrastructure and human resource development to benefit fully from global AI opportunities.
As AI continues to transform industries and economies, Pakistan’s active participation in international initiatives could strengthen its long-term technological competitiveness.
